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"Loudspeaker Electroacoustic Measurements Application Note"

Characterizing the performance of loudspeaker drive units and loudspeaker systems

This application note presents a comprehensive overview of critical electroacoustic measurements essential for characterizing the performance of loudspeaker drive units and systems. The focus is on key objective measurements, with reference to industry standards for guidance. The complexity of measuring loudspeakers is emphasized, requiring precision microphones and electronics with a known, stable sensitivity and flat frequency response. Challenges arise from the interaction between the loudspeaker and the testing environment, necessitating isolation from reflections for accurate sound level measurements. While anechoic chambers are ideal, they are costly and may not achieve full anechoicity at lower frequencies. The importance of physical dimensions in acoustics is highlighted, considering the audible frequency range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz and its impact on loudspeaker behavior as a function of wavelength. Despite these challenges, adherence to recommended procedures using quality test equipment allows for accurate and repeatable loudspeaker measurements. The application note covers various measurements, including frequency response, sensitivity, input voltage/power, impedance and Thiele-Small parameters, directivity, and distortion.

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